As far as building sets, the timeframe in which the final set is required determines the way it is going to be built or chosen.
Without a natural or already existing set, you have to build it. In a computer age, this can be a pretty fast action, even though the process can be extensive and the work tough.
The main thing is space needed, depending of course on what you're planning to build. But as a rule, you need quite some space to be able to construct walls, pillars and whatever else is needed for filming.
In general, building or finding a set starts months ahead of filming. Once someone has delineated a precise idea of what the final set should look like, the whole process of design, plan, execution and finishing starts. In order to keep the project on the rails, each contributor has to have a clear concept of the final product so his job takes all aspects into consideration.
For example, it is necessary for the designer to know the process of building a set. This way he won't propose some drawings that are not executable down the line or that will cause major problems in finding the materials or the tools to make it. And similarly, the material choice will depend on where it will be shot, inside or outside, in the sun or in the rain or snow. Such details need to be known to the workers along the production line so they know the consequences of what they do or use and if it will be usable in the end.
It is also important that at each step, the aesthetic aspect is kept in mind. The set must talk to the audience, must create a feeling, good or bad, and must be memorable.
As it is a team activity, it is important that each person involved in a film production studies the script. And they are numerous; designers, carpenters, painters, model makers, all need to know what they are building. Thus everyone from their expertise will take into account the costs involved, the amount of time needed, the materials to pick, the means to develop it so the final set can be executed.
Not only the set builder has to be versed in carpentry, but also he needs to know how colors and lighting fit together and how they will appear on the screen. The art director works very closely with the set builders and gives the go ahead on the proposed plan.
In summary, building sets for movies, while a creative activity, can be a tough job and is a vital part in producing the look, feel and accessories of a film.
Next time you watch a film, see if you can differentiate a real location from a facade.
To exercise your eye to differentiate between a location and a built set, you can go to http://downloadmoviestowatch.com/
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